Alors que se termine le procès de sa fondatrice, retour sur des analyses en apparence divergentes d’un professeur et de doctorants de ESCP.

Comparée à Steve Jobs, qualifiée de prodige par Bill Clinton, la fondatrice de la start-up un temps valorisée à près de dix milliards de dollars, Elizabeth Holmes, vient d’être reconnue coupable d’avoir trompé ses investisseurs. Une sanction rarissime dans le monde de la « tech » !

Cette affaire initialement révélée dans le « Wall Street Journal » avait donné lieu à un article intitulé Theranos, les inavouables secrets d’une start-up frauduleuse, co-écrit par le professeur Hervé Laroche et repris par La Tribune. Les auteurs s’étaient interrogés sur les ressorts de la crédulité des investisseurs.

Mais si, après tout, ces derniers n’avaient pas été dupes de l’escroquerie portée par la charismatique Elizabeth Holmes ? C’est l’hypothèse formulée par Romain-Buquet et Louis Vuarin, alors doctorants à ESCP Business School, dans l’article qu’il y avaient ensuite consacré en réaction sur The Conversation.

La licorne prend du plomb dans l’aile

Dans leur contribution intitulée Startups frauduleuses : l’aveuglement complice des investisseurs, ils estimaient notamment que dans ses excès, l’industrie de la licorne made in Silicon Valley est « fondée autour d’un secret de polichinelle dans la mesure où la plupart des investisseurs ont initialement plus ou moins conscience des règles faussées de ce jeu ».

Romain Buquet s’était par la suite exprimé sur le sujet chez Xerfi Canal.
Sa thèse était consacrée à « la figure mythifiée du créateur de start-up ». Réalisée sous la direction du professeur Jean-Philippe Bouilloud, elle était basée sur une observation participante au long cours complétée par « l’étude d’un cas extrême de fraude dans la Silicon Valley »…
Également soutenue en novembre 2020, la thèse de Louis Vuarin était quant à elle intitulée Le secret comme processus organisant : une approche épistémique des organisations secrètes. Il n’avait pas manqué de remercier son directeur de thèse, Hervé Laroche, pour son inépuisable soutien.

Même si cette affaire ne semble pas avoir eu d’influence sur les pratiques, le verdict devrait en tout cas alimenter encore le (vrai) débat et donner des ailes aux partisans de la régulation de la tech…

Campus

Paris
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'+v_title+'

['+v_lang+']
'+v_descr+"
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'+t+'

[in '+o+']
'+l+"
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',btnc=".js-close-popup",time=0,body=$("body"),js=$(".js-popup");js.each(function(){var a=$(this).find("iframe"),t=a.attr("src");a.length>0&&-1!==t.indexOf("youtube")&&(-1!==t.indexOf("?")?a.attr("src",t+"&enablejsapi=1"):a.attr("src",t+"?enablejsapi=1"))}),$(document).on("click",link,function(a){a.preventDefault();var t=$(this),e=t.attr("href"),s=$(e),l=t.attr("btn-bg-color"),o=t.attr("content-bg-color");null!=l&&void 0!=l||(l="#240085"),null!=o&&void 0!=o||(o="h-bg-white");var n='';body.addClass("no-scroll"),"wrapped"!=s.attr("aria-inner")&&s.wrapInner('
').attr("aria-inner","wrapped"),(s.hasClass("js-slide-right")||s.hasClass("js-slide-left"))&&s.addClass(o),0==$(".backdrop").length&&$("body").append(back),0==$(".js-close-popup",s).length&&s.prepend(n),"close"!=s.attr("aria-label")&&null!=s.attr("aria-label")&&void 0!=s.attr("aria-label")||(s.fadeIn(),s.attr("aria-label","open"))}),$(document).on("click",btnc,function(a){a.preventDefault();var t=$(this).attr("aria-controls"),e=$(t);$(t+" iframe").length>0&&$(t+" iframe")[0].contentWindow.postMessage('{"event":"command","func":"pauseVideo","args":""}',"*"),time=e.hasClass("js-slide-right")||e.hasClass("js-slide-left")?900:0,e.attr("aria-label","close"),e.stop(!0,!0).delay(time).fadeOut(100,function(){$("body .backdrop").remove(),$("body").removeClass("no-scroll")})}); } // End });