{"id":8760,"date":"2022-11-02T09:15:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-02T07:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/?p=8760"},"modified":"2024-04-16T11:15:30","modified_gmt":"2024-04-16T09:15:30","slug":"using-data-wisely-to-make-smarter-cities-more-sustainable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/tomorrow-choices\/using-data-wisely-to-make-smarter-cities-more-sustainable\/","title":{"rendered":"Using data wisely to make smart(er) cities more sustainable"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Should cities strive to become \u2018Sustainable Smart Cities,\u2019<\/strong> defined by <a href=\"https:\/\/unece.org\/housing\/sustainable-smart-cities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the United Nations<\/a> (UN) as \u201cinnovative cities that use \u201cICTs (information and communication technologies, editor\u2019s note) and other means to improve quality of life, efficiency of urban operation and services, and competitiveness, while ensuring that they meet the needs of present and future generations with respect to economic, social, environmental as well as cultural aspects?\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sure, if that is even remotely possible\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As the world population grows, so does the share that lives in cities (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/en\/news\/population\/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">around 2.5 billion more people, for a total of 68% of the world population by 2050<\/a>). <strong>Their size will grow too (the world <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/en\/news\/population\/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>is projected<\/strong><\/a><strong> to have 10 more +10 million cities by 2030), which is anticipated to be a major factor leading to resource scarcity in the upcoming years.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark>\u201cThe surge in adoption of smart cities in multiple regions is driven by various government digital cities initiatives and rise in the need for better natural resource management in urban environments,\u201d<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alliedmarketresearch.com\/smart-cities-market\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">state Allied Market Research<\/a> to explain why they forecast the smart cities market to keep growing at a CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) of 25% until 2030, with the smart energy segment witnessing the highest growth in the upcoming years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>On paper, smart cities are a \u201cgame-changer\u201d:<\/strong> \u201cA tremendous amount of data is created every day in smart cities. After the data are collected, measured and analysed, knowledge is updated that will be further used to facilitate the decision-making process at the city level. This process creates a self-adaptive learning intelligent system for the smart cities to continually improve the social, economic and environmental issues for sustainable development,\u201d explain ESCP Business School Professor Wei Zhou and his co-authors in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/00207543.2021.1893970\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the special issue of&nbsp;<em>International Journal of Production Research <\/em>on smart city sustainable urban logistics<\/a> they co-edited.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>A smart city may therefore be better prepared to respond to the more general challenges of sustainability than the traditional ones.<br>&nbsp;<\/p><cite><strong>Wei Zhou<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-rounded\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"264\" height=\"263\" src=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/wei-zhou.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8784\" srcset=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/wei-zhou.jpg 264w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/wei-zhou-150x149.jpg 150w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/wei-zhou-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>They view smart cities as \u2018a novel paradigm\u2019 for city planning and management,<\/strong> which modifies the mindset of the stakeholders related to city logistics, from municipal planners to citizens and service providers. \u201cReal-time data are used to enhance performance, quality, optimise the interactivity of urban services, and to reduce resource consumption. A smart city may therefore be better prepared to respond to the more general challenges of sustainability than the traditional ones with a simple \u2018transactional\u2019 relationship with the citizens.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Proof is abundant in existing smart city projects and pilots.<\/strong> Copenhagen, for example, is considered by<strong> <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.disruptive-technologies.com\/blog\/the-top-20-sustainable-smart-cities-in-the-world\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">some<\/a> to be the most sustainable smart city in the world<strong> <\/strong>because of its innovative approach to collecting and using big data to make the city more environmentally friendly and improve the quality of life as well as the city\u2019s business climate.<strong> <\/strong>It won the World Smart Cities Award in 2014 thanks to its project involving effective traffic solutions using data instead of huge infrastructural projects. Copenhagen Connecting uses data collected from mobile phones, GPS in buses, sensors in the sewers and even trash cans to decrease traffic congestion, air pollution and carbon emissions \u2013 \u201cwithout turning the city into a big building site.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Smart cities: How technology can deliver a better quality of life\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/inRDNLNPonA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Z\u00fcrich\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.disruptive-technologies.com\/blog\/sensors-for-building-management-system-bms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">smart building management system<\/a> (heating, electricity, and cooling are all integrated and maximised) is supposed to reduce energy consumption by as much as 50%, and is one of the reasons it is considered the most sustainable smart city in the world <a href=\"https:\/\/sustainabilitymag.com\/top10\/top-10-smart-cities-around-the-world\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">by Sustainability Magazine<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Digital solutions for a more livable future<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>According to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/business-functions\/operations\/our-insights\/smart-cities-digital-solutions-for-a-more-livable-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a recent study by the McKinsey<\/a> Global Institute, Beijing reduced deadly airborne pollutants by roughly 20% in less than a year by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Map-of-air-quality-monitoring-stations-in-Beijing-in-blue-Tianjin-in-red-and_fig1_318991969\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">deploying air-quality sensors<\/a>, closely tracking the sources of pollution and regulating traffic and construction accordingly. \u201cOverall, cities can save 25 to 80 litres of water per person each day and reduce unrecycled solid waste by 30 to 130 kilograms per person annually\u201d by installing water metering that provides digital feedback messages to households, sensors and analytics to detect leakage from pipes, and using applications such as pay-as-you-throw digital tracking. Automation, systems,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/fsr.eui.eu\/event\/dynamic-pricing-in-the-electricity-retail-market\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dynamic electricity pricing<\/a>, and some mobility applications have the combined potential to reduce emissions by up to 15% and commuting times by 15 to 20% on average.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Selling mobility data and the services required to share and use it is a big and growing market.<br>&nbsp;<\/p><cite><strong>Louis-David Benyayer<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-rounded\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/louis-david-benyayer-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8788\" srcset=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/louis-david-benyayer-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/louis-david-benyayer-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/louis-david-benyayer-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/louis-david-benyayer-1-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>All data-related endeavours come with challenges, however:<\/strong> \u201cLast spring, I carried out a market study with colleagues from <a href=\"https:\/\/mobidatalab.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MobiDataLab<\/a>, the EU-funded lab for prototyping new mobility data-sharing solutions,\u201d recalls Louis-David Benyayer. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.louisdavidbenyayer.com\/mobility-data-sharing-a-growing-market-and-a-door-to-the-mobility-service-market\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">In his blog<\/a>, he explains that \u201cselling mobility data and the services required to share and use it is a big and growing market.\u201d This applies to CO2 emissions reporting, which is both used to understand where there is the greatest potential for reducing emissions as well as for comparing different planning choices.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cUnderstanding emission-related data is needed for a more sustainable planning of transports, both for people and freight,\u201d note the authors of the <a href=\"https:\/\/mobidatalab.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/MobiDataLab-D3.3-MarketGapAnalysisReport-v1.0DRAFT-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Market Gap Analysis Report<\/a>. \u201cBesides the environmental impact that the increased awareness will raise, this UC [use case] may lead to business opportunities for stakeholders involved.\u201d However, they also identified gaps and issues in the current market of transport data, such as \u201cheterogeneity of data sources leading to difficult data aggregation and comparability; mobility data availability and accessibility; lack of standardization models and data anonymization tools; low understanding of the business value that data sharing would favour.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u2018Linking Cities\u2019 are the new smart<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Some other challenges were made obvious when <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sidewalklabs.com\/toronto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sidewalk Toronto<\/a> &#8211; an urban development project proposed by Google subsidiary Sidewalk Labs &#8211; was cancelled, officially \u201cdue to the unprecedented economic uncertainty brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201cThe failure of Sidewalk Labs forces us to invent other models for the cities of tomorrow, more inclusive ones, and in which data would not be considered as economic resources naturally available to multinationals but would be the object of collective reflections.<\/strong> This means producing and using data selected for the priorities they can serve (environmental for example) and in conditions that allow voluntary and fruitful exchanges for all,\u201d commented Ben Voyer, G\u00e9rard Naulleau and the other members of the Netexplo Smart Cities Accelerator observatory <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/idees-debats\/cercle\/opinion-google-city-de-toronto-les-raisons-dun-echec-1203831\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">in French economic newspaper Les Echos<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>The intelligence \u2013 or smartness \u2013 of cities lies in its citizens more than in the dry use of technology.<br>&nbsp;<\/p><cite><strong>Ben Voyer<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-rounded\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"687\" height=\"687\" src=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/prof-benjamin-voyer_escp-business_school.jpg\" alt=\"Professor Benjamin Voyer ESCP Business School\" class=\"wp-image-946\" srcset=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/prof-benjamin-voyer_escp-business_school.jpg 687w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/prof-benjamin-voyer_escp-business_school-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/prof-benjamin-voyer_escp-business_school-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/prof-benjamin-voyer_escp-business_school-640x640.jpg 640w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/prof-benjamin-voyer_escp-business_school-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 687px) 100vw, 687px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSmart-city projects became tech-ruled, rather than citizen-ruled. Projects were designed and promoted as \u2018better lifestyle\u2019 initiatives, but the voice of citizens was often put in the background\u201d, <a href=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/tomorrow-choices\/the-smartness-of-cities-lies-in-its-citizens\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">adds Ben Voyer<\/a>. \u201cIn reaction to this, the concept of Linking Cities emerged during the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.unesco.org\/news\/unesco-netexplo-forum-2021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2021 UNESCO Netexplo Forum<\/a> to promote the idea that the intelligence \u2013 or smartness \u2013 of cities lies in its citizens more than in the dry use of technology.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rather than smart cities producing economic value through data extraction alone, linking cities\u2019 multiple values would be based on creating and maintaining links between inhabitants, territories, and environmental and social priorities. <strong>\u201cThis is an ambitious development. But it is necessary if the aims of cities\u2019 transformation are not only technological but also environmental and human,\u201d<\/strong> the members of the Netexplo Smart Cities Accelerator observatory add.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Smart&amp;Open: the solution for more sustainable cities?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s take the example of the City of Lights. <strong>Data is at the core of numerous solutions Paris started implementing in its quest to light the way by becoming a <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.paris.fr\/paris\/2020\/02\/26\/f7dc822a66de6000cd910a145c7fca39.ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>\u201cSmart and Sustainable City\u201d<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong> This project proposes \u201cinnovative practices with regards to urban renewal and development, consumption (circular economy, energies, production flows, etc.), and network and mobility interconnectedness by using the methods of the \u2018Open City\u2019 (<a href=\"https:\/\/theodi.org\/article\/smart-cities-are-decades-away-but-open-cities-are-in-reach\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">which some say<\/a> is more realistic than the Smart City, editor\u2019s note) and the tools of the \u2018Connected City\u2019.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>The city of Paris took a pioneering stance in open data policy, \u201cmaking all structured data accessible by open license to promote their reuse and generate new applications back in 2010. The city also supports solutions for the analysis of big data, which is difficult to process with traditional tools but that can provide innovative solutions through new data science methods [&#8230;] Lastly, the city promotes open innovation with its partners through data exchanges that are kept secure and confidential.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"779\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/paris-26-779x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8779\" srcset=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/paris-26-779x1024.jpg 779w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/paris-26-228x300.jpg 228w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/paris-26-768x1010.jpg 768w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/paris-26-1168x1536.jpg 1168w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/paris-26-150x197.jpg 150w, https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/wp-content\/uploads\/paris-26.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 779px) 100vw, 779px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Like Paris, cities of all sizes should definitely favour open data, open source, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">open science<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_standard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">open standards<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_government\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">open government<\/a> practices, strive to become <a href=\"https:\/\/opennorth.ca\/publications\/open-smart-cities-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">open smart cities,<\/a> \u201cwhere residents, civil society, academics, and the private sector collaborate with public officials to mobilize data and technologies when warranted in an ethical, accountable and transparent way <mark>to govern the city as a fair, viable and liveable commons and balance economic development, social progress and environmental responsibility&#8230;\u201d<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n<p><!-- \/wp:post-content --><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Businesses, cities and citizens, academics even, must use data not only intelligently but also responsibly to make cities truly sustainable.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":8761,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[270,37],"class_list":["post-8760","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tomorrow-choices","tag-data","tag-sustainability","category-14","description-off"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Using data wisely to make 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