{"id":11219,"date":"2024-08-01T11:15:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T09:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/?p=11219"},"modified":"2025-02-13T12:03:10","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T10:03:10","slug":"humans-bring-to-work-a-type-of-intelligence-that-ai-cannot-match","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/tl-dr\/humans-bring-to-work-a-type-of-intelligence-that-ai-cannot-match\/","title":{"rendered":"Humans bring to work a type of intelligence that AI cannot match"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The heated debate about artificial intelligence (AI) and its \u201cextraordinary potential\u201d is surprisingly leading to a rediscovery of humans\u2019 contribution to work. If robots can bring speed, precision, and strength, we still need fantasy, intuition and affection. It is important to debunk the belief that machines will steal the jobs of human beings, unless they are asked to repeat only one single task. In fact, we will not see the elimination of our occupations, but <strong>artificial intelligence applications will certainly impact and modify them deeply<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p> It would make no sense to program a robot to solve a problem that occurs differently almost every time.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Weakening human capabilities<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Automation will change workers\u2019 behaviours and the risk is that some abilities could be undermined, such as memory, attention, accuracy, manual precision, and many others. How can we leverage new technologies without diminishing our competencies? Which human assets are in danger and in need of protection?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is not easy to describe the magnificence of human intelligence (HI) and the literature has not yet presented an exhaustive taxonomy of relevant human capabilities in the digital age. As a starting point, I propose a description structured over three levels:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The intelligent hand<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Some manual skills cannot be replaced by machines while keeping the same versatility and level of quality. In every organisation, we can identify some activities that require a particular know-how and a great amount of knowledge that is transferred over time, through on-the-job training. Several lines of manual work require the ability to solve complex changing problems that are always slightly different because the raw material, temperature or context is different. <strong>It would make no sense to program a robot to solve a problem that occurs differently almost every time<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The world of luxury, in particular, strives for authenticity and values artisanal processes, which make some handmade goods unique. Contemporary research finds that products, services and organisations perceived as authentic\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gsb.stanford.edu\/faculty-research\/publications\/authenticity-among-distilleries-signaling-transparency-essence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">carry value<\/a>\u00a0that consumers are willing to pay for.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a side effect, if we push to replace manual work with AI, we might miss some parts of the work experience such as technical mastery, dedication to the job, experimentation, apprenticeship, concentration, and caring about excellence, with possible implications and impacts difficult to assess for the workplace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The intelligent mind<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Matthew Crawford warns us of the risk of \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.penguinrandomhouse.com\/books\/301618\/shop-class-as-soulcraft-by-matthew-b-crawford\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">learned helplessness<\/a>\u201d as an effect of automation and digitalisation. People display a lower level of individual agency and a higher level of dissatisfaction. Office jobs often don\u2019t allow us to experience the direct effects of our actions and to see tangible results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In fact, we have a greater amount of data at our disposal, but an inferior capacity to read them, and probably at a lower speed in comparison with an algorithm. It appears natural to delegate complex tasks and difficult decisions to machines, the danger being that we will lose critical thinking. <strong>This might weaken our exercise of judgment and we may face issues more superficially and impulsively, without going in-depth and without analysing root causes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This might represent a problem, considering that cognitive skills such as problem-solving, creativity, innovativeness, and learning to learn are becoming increasingly important in the workplace. Decisions are taken by managers largely based on their intuition and not based on a mere analysis of data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>AI doesn\u2019t have the sensitivity to manage unexpected events or crises<\/strong>. A self-driving car cannot enter a complex roundabout, as it cannot identify a zero-risk condition. Human drivers, instead, find the courage to travel adapting to the flow and moderating their speed to avoid accidents, as a robot will (probably) never be able to do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We must acquire higher awareness of the potentiality of our mind and its ability to find mental shortcuts, the so-called heuristics, which allow us to source daily experience to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.it\/nudge-Libert%C3%A0-scelta-felicit%C3%A0-comportamento\/dp\/8815275002\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">survive and overcome obstacles<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The intelligent heart<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Communication among human beings is becoming more complex and more frequent; it can be supported, facilitated, \u201caugmented\u201d by technologies, but never fully substituted by a remote system. Mysteriously, the hormone oxytocin, which is essential for the development of trust and emotional engagement, is produced only when we interact in presence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Emotional intelligence and even\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/escp.eu\/thechoice\/tl-dr\/lets-bring-humour-to-work-no-kidding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a sense of humour<\/a>\u00a0can be extremely powerful, especially in the workplace<\/strong>. Only real interactions and laughing together release \u2018feel-good\u2019 hormones, such as endorphins, dopamine and oxytocin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, the moral question, distinguishing between good and bad, is central when we discuss artificial intelligence. Computers alone are not able to work ethically and, consequently, discrimination and injustice might be automated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Communication among human beings is becoming more complex and more frequent; it can be supported, facilitated, \u201caugmented\u201d by technologies, but never fully substituted by a remote system. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Augmented by machines<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If Steve Jobs said that\u00a0<em>\u201ccomputers are like a bicycle for the mind\u201d<\/em>, AI represents its racing car.\u00a0In fact, there are several areas in which AI can effectively support human intelligence, such as offering new paths for exploration,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hbritalia.it\/dicembre-2022\/2023\/02\/10\/news\/l-intelligenza-artificiale-puo-stimolare-la-creativita-15436\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">enhancing the creative process<\/a>, saving time and focusing attention on relevant tasks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In organisations, AI can facilitate the imagination process in the development of new products or new ideas. The exploratory phase typically requires access to information, multiple experiences, time, and space to take place. AI can accelerate this phase, removing several roadblocks and quickly testing new directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>AI and technological developments have begun to transform and aid creative and complex processes, as well as challenge what we believe to be advanced reasoning ability<\/strong>. After losing to a computer program for the first time, the Go world champion declared\u00a0<em>\u201cI\u2019m learning new moves and I\u2019m becoming a better player thanks to AlphaGo\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The complexity of the context is forcing companies to redesign their organisational model and to clarify the contribution of employees, in particular of managers. This can represent an opportunity to develop human potential and to increase people\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcg.com\/publications\/2018\/bringing-managers-back-to-work\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">effectiveness and satisfaction<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is necessary to acquire a higher awareness of human capabilities and personal talents. Organisations and educational institutions play a crucial role in developing it. They have to create environments in which people can express themselves, make mistakes, restart, create and innovate and not just execute tasks or process information (like robots).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>This article was originally published by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.lse.ac.uk\/businessreview\/2024\/02\/26\/humans-bring-to-work-a-type-of-intelligence-that-ai-cannot-match\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">LSE Business Review<\/a>\u00a0under the Creative Commons licence\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/2.0\/uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC BY-NC-ND 2.0<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chiara Succi describes three levels of (irreplaceable) human contribution to the workplace: intelligent hand, intelligent mind and intelligent heart. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11220,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[126,25],"class_list":["post-11219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tl-dr","tag-artificial-intelligence","tag-future-of-work","category-15","description-off"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Humans bring to work a type of intelligence that AI cannot match - The Choice by ESCP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Chiara Succi describes three levels of human contribution to the workplace that AI cannot replace.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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